What defines targeted therapy in cancer treatment?

Targeted therapy in cancer treatment is defined as an approach that focuses on specific molecular features of cancer cells. This method utilizes drugs or other substances that can specifically identify and attack cancer cells based on the unique genetic mutations, proteins, or other markers present in those cells. By zeroing in on these particular characteristics, targeted therapy aims to disrupt the cancer cell's growth and survival mechanisms while minimizing damage to normal, healthy cells.

In contrast, broad-spectrum chemotherapy methods affect a wide array of rapidly dividing cells, not just cancer cells, which can lead to more severe side effects. Promoting overall body health or enhancing the body’s immune response does not specifically target the cancer cells and thus does not qualify as targeted therapy. Targeted therapy represents a more personalized approach to cancer treatment, leading to improved efficacy and decreased toxicity compared to traditional therapies.